Can a Deaf Person Sign to Another Deaf Person Despite the Language Gap?

When it comes to communication between deaf individuals, the idea of a language gap can conjure up images of insurmountable barriers. However, in the world of sign languages, this notion is often not as dire as it may seem. In this article, we will explore the realities of inter-deaf communication, the significance of sign languages in deaf culture, and how signs can bridge or, in some cases, be hindered by cultural differences.

Understanding Sign Languages and Their Variations

Sign languages are not just single, uniform systems. They are diverse and sometimes strongly rooted in specific cultures and linguistic communities. For instance, American Sign Language (ASL) and British Sign Language (BSL) are two distinct sign languages that share some common elements but have significant differences. These differences are not merely lexical but also extend to syntax, grammar, and non-manual markers. Astonishingly, some signs in ASL and BSL may be opposed in meaning or usage, which can create confusion.

International Sign Language as a Bridging Tool

Despite these differences, there is a universal language within the deaf community: International Sign Language. International Sign is designed to be understood across different national sign languages, making it a valuable tool for deaf people from diverse linguistic backgrounds to communicate effectively. It incorporates elements from multiple sign languages, which means that even if two signers use different primary languages, they can still engage in meaningful communication through this universal framework. However, local dialects and nuances can still pose challenges.

The Role of Cultural and Personal Context

Language is not just a tool for communication but also a cultural expression. For example, the Deaf community is a distinct cultural group, often using sign language not only as a mode of communication but also as a way to preserve cultural identity. When a deaf person from one cultural or linguistic background tries to communicate with someone from another, there can be a language barrier. Yet, just as with any cultural exchange, effective communication is possible, albeit with some initial effort to adapt and bridge cultural gaps.

For instance, Adam Reisman emphasizes the importance of resolving such barriers. He believes that the so-called "language gap" is more of a challenge than an impassable obstacle. It is true that international sign language can be employed as a bridge to overcome misunderstandings. However, when a deaf person proficient in, say, ASL attempts to communicate with someone who only knows English (and not sign language), significant difficulties can arise. The deaf signer may struggle to find an efficient way to communicate, and the English speaker may resort to pretenses or misunderstandings in order to avoid addressing the language mismatch.

Conclusion

The ability of a deaf person to sign to another deaf person, whether or not they are using the same sign language, is indeed possible. While there may be language gaps and cultural differences, these can often be overcome through the use of international sign language or the effort to understand and learn basic communication in different sign languages. The deaf community, much like any other, values clear and effective communication, and its members are skilled communicators who find ways to understand each other even when languages differ.

Understanding and embracing the diverse nature of sign languages, recognizing the rich cultural heritage of the deaf community, and leveraging tools like international sign language can help bridge the gaps and foster better communication among deaf individuals.